Science has enabled human beings to improve their lives through discoveries and innovations aimed at enabling man to make positive life changes that could not be achievable without science it. Biotechnology is a branch of applied biology that involves use of living organisms and biochemical processes in daily applications that involve use bio-products. It is also defined as a branch science that involves use of biology and technology on living things to come up with products or do tasks for human beings (Sutton, 2009).
The approach basically involves use of complex modern technological skills to modify living organisms so that they can match with ever changing human needs. Major areas that rely on biotechnology include medicine, engineering, cell and tissue culture, genetic engineering, agriculture and industries among others (Clark & Pazdernik, 2008). In agriculture, biotechnology is widely used in processes such as ripening of fruits, breakdown of compost and in developing new hybrid livestock and crop varieties. In medicine the approach has helped in learning about diseases, conducting their tests and developing their cure. In other areas where biotechnology is used such as in industries, the approach is incorporated together with other activities to create products that are important to human beings (Clark & Pazdernik, 2008).
However, regardless of the concept being new, many criticisms have been received that are hindering its global application especially in agriculture. Researchers argue that biotechnology has promoted usage of herbicides resulting to chemical residues in food crops. The concept is also very expensive and not applicable in developing countries where resources are scarce. However, drastic increase in human needs and desire for man to improve his life has made biotechnology attractive to many people (Zaikov, 2008). Consequently, its application is gradually gaining popularity and it is even currently studied as courses in the universities.
